Salutations!
I'm relatively inexperienced at reviewing poetry, so I can't offer advice as insightful as that of the wonderful alliyah's down below. Nevertheless, the best way to learn is to get hands-on experience, so I'll try to provide feedback without repeating what was already said.
First off, I quite enjoyed this poem! I was going to ask what your mother tongue was, but then alliyah's opening made me realise that oh, right, the speaker in a poem isn't necessarily the same person as the poet. Fortunately, they happened to be the same person in this case; I'll just refer to the "speaker" in any case. I understand perfectly what they're experiencing, and yes, their point is valid. It's not even a prejudice exclusive to English speakers, as I've heard stories of people from other languages doing the same thing. Even so, it is more common among the English speaking world, especially on the internet (where civility and consideration can often be lacking).
I find it effective that you started the poem with several "large" words, as its appropriateness may be questionable, but it perfectly illustrates the expectations certain English speakers may have. It could either be, "How dare you not spend as much time as possible mastering our language?!" or, "How dare you think you can speak our language as well as we can?!" Where the speaker says they are privileged to speak more than one language, as opposed to the English speaking people who know only their native language, I fully agree. The point of language is communication, and believing your language is superior to another is rubbish - the more languages you know, the more people you can reach and understand. Understanding is particularly important, as that allows us to resolve conflict and live in harmony. It might sound cheesy, but it's true, and I feel that is a cause worth defending and about which to be passionate.
Having said that, there are some things I would recommend adapting to make your message even clearer and more impactful. Firstly, having a space between each line is better than having none, but it still makes it difficult to get a grasp on the intended pacing of the poem. What I find happens if I read something with impaired flow is that I tend to start rushing through the text, albeit unintentionally. Removing line breaks and grouping lines into stanzas will not only make it easier to read the poem in a more controlled fashion, but it will also allow you to express ideas both separately and more coherently. (See it as recognising individuality while still belonging to a larger body.)
Punctuation, as alliyah mentioned, would help greatly in achieving the above-mentioned identity and coherence. But more than that, it can aid you in expressing yourself. A well-placed full stop and/or comma can do so much more than just indicate a pause or the start/end of a new idea: it can indicate emotion and mentality. That might be difficult to believe, but using full stops frequently, thereby resulting in more numerous shorter sentences, can create a sense of urgency, which could convey emotions like passion or anger, both of which would be apt in a poem like this. Using many commas to string sentences together would have the same effect, although by accelerating the pace within a sentence, rather than between sentences. A technique as simple as that can make the speaker's frustration more evident and moving, and better yet, it can be used regardless of the language involved.
My last critiques are regarding the title and intention of the poem. "A letter to my mother tongue" suggests that the language itself is being addressed, yet you only actually address it near the end of the poem, with the speaker accusing inconsiderate native English speakers for their ignorance and prejudice during most of the poem. A letter is generally only intended to be read by one individual or group, so maybe changing "A letter for" to "A speech for" would be more appropriate? That way, it can address both the mother tongue and the judgemental individuals at the same time. Besides that, you start the poem with "Forgive me/I begin furiously"; that makes it sound like a first person narrator, which isn't fitting for usage inside dialogue. Voice should remain constant, lest it lead to confusion.
Thank you for choosing such a worthy but often overlooked subject for your poem! There are many non-native English speakers on the site, and I'm sure many of them will identify with the passion for their mother tongue that you described here. I hope your future poems will be just as effective and meaningful! Good luck!
~ Hunter
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